Elladan56 a écrit :
Au moins il y a du contenu ...
Je ne serais pas contre un résumé du topic en première page avec les arguments les moins pourri.
|
Es-tu de nature patiente...? 
Non ?!? Alors pour un point de vue global sur le sujet :
Tu peux regarder du côté des docus vidéo en FR,
mais à ma connaissance ils datent tous un peu...
Il sont tout de même intéressants pour se voir présenter l'histoire de ce domaine scientifique, notamment ses débuts, après on adhère ou pas, totalement, partiellement, ou pas, à chacun d'être juge :
- Les archives oubliées - La Fusion Froide
- Et pourtant, elle chauffe ! L'aventure de la fusion froide
(Le deuxième documentaire me semble être le meilleur des deux)
Du côté des dossiers de presse,
il y a eu un excellent dossier chez Wired, mais en anglais, donc, et il a un an...
- The Cold Fusion race just heated up
Du coup, l'article de La Tribune, d'il y a un mois, en français celui-ci, me paraît être à l'heure actuelle le résumé grand-public le plus abouti.
- Fusion Froide, les espoirs d'un nucléaire "propre"
Maintenant... C'est peut-être plus l'aspect physique du sujet, qui t'intéresse...???
Alors déjà, le français, tu oublies. ![[:o_doc]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/o_doc.gif "[:o_doc]")
Mais à ce sujet, nous vivons en live une explosion de la diffusion publique des connaissances sur le sujet, pour 2 raisons complémentaires ; la première est le dépôt ces dernières années de quelques brevets par quelques chercheurs/industriels (dont Rossi) qui nous ont apporté des informations déterminantes, et la deuxième raison (induite par la 1ère) est la réussite des reproductions de quelques groupes de recherche, et leurs relations avec des acteurs connus de la vulgarisation publique du sujet.
Un de ces acteurs de la vulgarisation publique du sujet est Mats Lewan.
Qui est-il, d'abord :
Citation :
Making technology easy to understand
As a science and technology journalist since almost 20 years I focus on making complicated stuff easy to grasp, and also on putting it into context, showing what it might mean for us – to our society, to businesses and to our lives.
I work as a senior staff writer at Ny Teknik, Stockholm, Sweden – the major technology weekly in Scandinavia. I’m also the managing editor of Next Magasin – a new Swedish magazine focusing on the deep implications in people’s lives of accelerating technology development.
Occasionally I’m a freelance writer for CBS Cnet News where I was working as a guest reporter in 2009, as a fellow with Stanford University’s Innovation Journalism program.
I hold a Master of Science degree in Engineering Physics from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden where I live with my wife and two children.
http://matslewan.se/journalist.html
|
Ce monsieur, journaliste très actif dans ce domaine scientifique, a des relations avec la plupart des acteurs ; notamment, avec des membres du MFMP, qui vient de faire son annonce de sa réussite et de sa compréhension de la procédure à suivre.
Sauf que les détails étaient éparpillés dans des discussions sur les forums où s'expriment les membres du MFMP et leurs relations. En parallèle, nous avons eu droit à une série de vidéos explicatives, mais à moins d'être bilingue...
C'est là que notre ami Mats Lewan entre en jeu : il vient de carrément résumer tout ça, pour notre plus grand plaisir... 
Je ne vous mets que deux extraits.
L'intro :
Citation :
Finally: This is possibly how the E-Cat works
March 7, 2016
After five years of debate on the much discussed energy device, the E-Cat, I have finally been shown a theoretical model that makes sense and which seems to be consistent with both laws of physics and experimental results, which I will present here.
As I have said before—only with a valid theoretical model, effective R&D on LENR based devices can start in earnest. And judging from the over 200 patent applications Rossi says he is preparing, Rossi probably has this kind of understanding. Quite possibly, the model he is using is close to what you’ll find here below.
This blog post will be fairly technical and a bit long, but for those wanting to get this understanding I think it’s worthwhile. Also note that it will be updated continuously with corrections of details that I might have misunderstood, or that need further elaboration.
|
Ne riez pas bêtement des 200 brevets que Rossi dit vouloir bientôt déposer,
car vous pourrez sourire pour une autre raison plus loin, et là par contre ce sera justifié.
Passons au coeur du sujet, l'aspect Physique :
Let’s have a look at the proposed model
which is extensively described in Piantelli’s patents EP2368252B1 (2013) and EP2702593B1 (2015). (The later was revoked in September 2015 after being challenged by Rossi’s company Leonardo Corp that basically claimed to have arrived at the same point before. However, the decision to revoke the patent has been appealed by Piantelli’s legal representative).
(Update: Also note this patent application by Piantelli: EP2754156A2, which I haven’t studied in detail yet.)
1. The first step is to expose a transition metal to hydrogen. Nickel is for various reasons the best choice of transition metal, but any transition metal should do.
2. Next step is to obtain H- ions, i.e. hydrogen atoms with one extra electron. To do this, Piantelli heats the system to a certain temperature and also uses a certain pressure to control formation of H+ and H- ions. In the E-Cat, hydrogen is provided through lithium aluminium hydride, LAH, which when heated transforms into hydrogen gas, aluminium and LiH, the latter consisting of Li+ and H- ions, making it an effective source of H-. This invention by Rossi, described in his patent, should be one reason that he has managed to achieve much higher power yield from the process, but it should be noted that Rossi until the second generation E-Cat reactor—the Hot Cat in 2012—used hydrogen from a canister (and maybe had another method for generating H-, even without knowing it).
Note: Some suggest that the H- concept might refer to a different form of hydrogen, akin to Randell Mills (CEO, founder of BLP) concept of hydrino, or Swedish researcher Leif Holmlid’s concept of ultra dense deuterium.
3. The system is now triggered in one of several ways ranging from thermal shock, mechanical impulse, and ultrasonic impulse to laser ray, electromagnetic fields, electric or magnetic pulse and particle beams.
4. This triggering leads to one of the electrons in the nickel atom being replaced by the H- ion (as described in the patent, this is in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle and with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle).
5. Since the H- ion has a mass that is almost 2,000 times larger than an electron mass, it tends towards orbits much closer to the nickel nucleus, while sending out Auger electrons and X-rays. In some way (to be explained in further detail), this is probably how the X-ray signal is produced that MFMP observed recently in a replication attempt of the E-Cat.
6. The low energy X-ray photons are being absorbed by a shielding material such as lead or tungsten, which is heated and then emits what is called black-body radiation—essentially infrared light or heat radiation which has a frequency of terahertz, possibly with the property of stimulating the process of replacing electrons by H- ions.
Note: An hypothesis by Bob Greenyer is that one certain time interval of external triggering heats the shielding material enough for it to stimulate further reaction for five times that time interval without external triggering (power input). This would lead to a COP (coefficient of performance = power out/power in) of 6, which Rossi has steadily claimed as a guaranteed minimum.
7. When the H- ion is in an orbit close to the nickel nucleus, it loses its electrons thus becoming a free proton, and two things can then happen:
a. If the distance to the nucleus is minor than 10-14 m, the H nucleus—i.e. a proton—can be captured by the nickel nucleus, resulting in one of several possible nuclear reactions (see the patent) with mass loss and great energy release, according to Piantelli resulting in heat. (Why isn’t the energy released as high energy gamma radiation? Maybe because the proton is so close to the nucleus that it gets captured, without having a large kinetic energy as in hot fusion. Maybe also because the nickel atom is not free but fixed in a lattice?). This process has certain similarities with muon-catalysed fusion, and would be an explanation to the first miracle—overcoming the Coulomb Barrier at modest temperatures by getting enough close to the nickel nucleus, disguised as a very heavy electron. (And maybe also an explanation to the second miracle—obtaining nuclear fusion without high energy radiation).
b. (Maybe higher probability): If the distance is larger than 10-14 m, the proton is expelled from the metal atom through the repelling Coulomb force, with high kinetic energy (from 0 to 6.7 MeV) determined by Piantelli through calculation, and confirmed through cloud chamber experiments.
8. These high energy protons can react with other atom nuclei, resulting in other nuclear reactions. Particularly, Piantelli proposes reaction with lithium or boron. Reactions with lithium yields alpha particles (which are nuclei of helium), and again, large amounts of energy, carried away as kinetic energy by the alpha particles (?). Such fusion between protons with much lower kinetic energy (225 eV) and lithium is described by Unified Gravity Corporation in patent application WO2014189799A9.
Note: In his second patent, Piantelli proposed to have a second material, such as lithium, in front of the primary material, nickel, at a distance of about 7 cm. In order not to stop the protons, however, the surrounding pressure must be very low. In the E-Cat, on the other hand, pure lithium is part of the fuel and in direct contact with the nickel. Therefore there’s no need for low pressure. Probably, though, a particular preparation of the fuel is necessary. The presence of lithium in the fuel, also described in Rossi’s patent, should be the second important invention by Rossi that leads to higher power yield.
9. The alpha particles get easily stopped, and grabs electrons to form helium, while also contributing to heat production when their kinetic energy is absorbed. They can also lead to further nuclear reactions with lithium.
10. The low energy X-ray radiation from (5) above could possibly be used to create electricity through the photoelectric effect, by exposing suitable materials to the X-ray radiation. The X-ray radiation could also be downshifted into visible light (with lower frequency), with the help of e.g. silver (Ag) or other elements with similar characteristics, which is possibly what Brilliant Light Power does in its ‘SunCell’. Both these effects could be in use in Rossi’s third generation reactor—the E-Cat X—supposedly producing heat, light and electricity.
11. A particular option, according to Piantelli’s second patent, is to use radioactive materials such as 232Th, 236U, 239U or 239Pu as secondary material. A part from producing energy, the process would then provide a possibility of a eliminating long-lived radioactive waste of various provenience, since the nuclear reactions would transform these elements through transmutation (a change of the number of protons) into other elements with shorter lifetime (half-life). Here’s a patent application by Piantelli on this method: WO2013046188A1.
Update: Bob Greenyer elaborated this model already in September 2015 in this piece at E-Cat World. The comments below are also adding to the picture.
[...]
https://animpossibleinvention.com/2 [...] cat-works/
D'autres infos à la source. 
Vous y trouverez notamment une information à la fois intéressante, et qui aura le mérite de faire sourire tout le monde ; un peu plus loin, dans les légendes des vidéos qui suivent : "trying to publicise as many ideas as possible to make them non-patentable". 
A mettre en parallèle des 200 brevets que Rossi dit vouloir déposer... Du coup il risque d'en déposer un peu moins. 
MFMP POWAAA !!! Vive l'Open ! ![[:filter]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/filter.gif "[:filter]")
Petit retour en arrière aussi, pour la production directe d'électricité sans passer par une conversion chaleur>électricité : c'est au point n°10.
Sinon, ceux que toutes ces informations intéressent, seront aussi sûrement intéressés par cette nouvelle info : http://www.e-catworld.com/2016/03/ [...] arxiv-org/
A bientôt,
et n'oubliez pas de vous informer et de prendre plaisir. 
![[:microminus:5]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/5/microminus.gif "[:microminus:5]")
![[:henri gaud l'eau:5]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/5/henri gaud l'eau.gif "[:henri gaud l'eau:5]")
![[:klemton]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/klemton.gif "[:klemton]")
![[:clooney24]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/clooney24.gif "[:clooney24]")
![[:hpfan]](https://forum-images.hardware.fr/images/perso/hpfan.gif "[:hpfan]")