Autant pour moi, j'ai déconné lors de l'édition, dsl. Voici le bon
There are 3,000 universities and colleges in the U.S., many of which hire economics PhDs from time to time. There are several thousand more international universities that do the same. In addition, some public service institutions as well as commercial research and consulting businesses employ PhD economists. To meet this demand, American programs award about 300 to 400 economics PhDs in a given year. Their graduates compete primarily for positions as assistant professors, either in a research university, like Harvard, or a teaching-oriented college. Because publications are the road to fame, PhDs generally prefer to join a renowned research university; however, there are only a few such openings each year. If you guess that they’ll go to graduates from the top schools you’re right, but there are many more top-school PhDs than “good” academic jobs. In fact, almost one quarter of all U.S. PhDs comes from one of the schools that might be described as forming the top ten. (I’m referring to Berkeley, Chicago, Harvard, MIT, NYU, Northwestern, U Penn, Princeton, Stanford, and Yale.) Given the oversupply of prestigious degrees, it's reasonable to target such programs if you plan to make a mark on the field.
A recent trend seems to be that a few of the very best PhDs from top-30 (or even top-50) and non-U.S. schools manage to get hired by prestigious departments. Programs rank their graduates internally, and the position on that list becomes a key factor in anyone’s placement. Hence, there is something to be said for entering a rising, underrated program with strong training and a pool in which you can comparatively excel. Still, the fact remains that the vast majority of new hires at good departments comes from similarly or better regarded places. For economists who enter private industry, it is less essential to graduate from a program of high repute. However, the economics PhD is not geared to applied pursuits and doesn’t give you much of an edge over MScs or MAs in the job market (not to mention over MBAs, who are often higher paid than PhDs). If your goal is a business career, you should ask yourself whether the PhD is really something that you need. Incidentally, an MBA, from a good school and with solid work experience, will earn more than $ 100,000 p.a. these days; a well-placed PhD economist starts out near $ 80,000 p.a.
PhDs educated in the top U.S. departments tend to be the most sought-after and highly-prized on the market. This isn’t true for every subject, but it is for economics because American-style graduate programs, with their intense curricula and immersive research cultures, produce competent and productive academics. This is also recognized abroad, and the few European schools that made inroads in the past with programs modeled after American ones (foremostly, the London School of Economics) are now a model for ambitious departments elsewhere that tap into an applicant pool that includes far more talent than the best U.S. programs can absorb. Much of what is said here about applications to U.S. programs applies to these emerging international programs that are refashioning themselves to offer similarly conducive conditions.