#Vienne Tout comme les policiers autrichiens, nous vous demandons de ne pas partager de photos ou de vidéos de l'attaque en #Autriche. Vous prenez le risque de gêner le travail de la #police et d'exposer plus sensible que vous à des images choquantes.

In February, 2015, a new Islamgesetz was passed by the Austrian parliament, illegalizing foreign funding of mosques and paying salaries of imams. Contrary to reports in the media, the law does not regulate the version of the Koran that may be used in Austria, but central tenets of the religion must be presented to the authorities in German.[11][12] It also gives Muslims additional rights, such as the rights to halal food and pastoral care in the military. The minister for Integration, Sebastian Kurz, said the changes were intended to "clearly combat" the influence of Islamic extremism in Austria.[11] The leader of Central Council of Muslims in Germany, Aiman Mazyek, called the law "positive and productive (befruchtend) for the discussion in Germany".[13]
 
In October 2017, the Austrian government passed a law named the "Prohibition on the Covering of the Face."[14] The law was introduced by the center-left Chancellor Christian Kern.[15] Anyone wearing clothes that obscure their face in public is liable to a fine of €150 and must remove the offending garment “on the spot” if ordered by police.[16] Many activists and experts labeled the law Islamophobic arguing that it discriminated against Muslim women who wore religious face veils.[17] Among the opponents of the law were President Alexander Van der Bellen,[18] Georgetown University senior research fellow Farid Hafez,[14] and Austrian Islamic Religious Authority spokeswoman Carla Amina Baghajati.[19] Face veils in Austria are rare, with about 100-150 Muslim women wearing some type of face covering.[14] Prior to the passing of the ban, thousands of people protested in Vienna in January 2017 to express opposition to the law.[20] However, in European countries, that have introduced similar laws, the bans were upheld by the European court of human rights (ECHR).[21][22]
 
In 2018, chancellor Sebastian Kurz announced that Austria would close seven mosques and deport 40 imams paid by Turkey through the Diyanet organisation as measures to thwart political Islam. In the announcement parallel societies, islamism and radicalisation were stated to have no place in Austrian society.[23][24]
 
In October 2018, Austria banned headscarves for children in Kindergarten. The ban was motivated by protecting children from family pressure to wear the headscarf.[25] According to an Austrian teacher's union, a ban for pupils aged up to 14 years should be considered as that is the religious legal age (German: religionsmündig).[25]
 
In March 2019, cabinet announced that it aims to create a new institution, which should from 2020 monitor and document activities regarding political Islam in the country.[26] Citing studies which show that a significant number of Austrian Muslims hold anti-western and antisemitic views,[27][28] Kurz said that it would be necessary to monitor mosques, clubs, ideology and social media contributions in context with fundamental Islam in order to protect the liberal, democratic and secular society. The organisation should get a similar role on islamic extremism as the Documentation Centre of Austrian Resistance (DÖW) has on right wing extremism, according to the cabinet. Leading figures form the DÖW have principally welcomed the government's plan and confirmed that there is a need to take a closer look at the dangers of political Islam.[29]

En 2016, le nombre de musulmans s'établit à près de 600 000 provenant principalement de Bosnie et de Turquie29. Les alévis bektachi sont environ 60 000 en Autriche30. En 2010, l'État autrichien a officiellement reconnu l'alévisme comme un culte. Les cemevi ont un statut légal, les chefs religieux sont reconnus par l'État, les jours sacrés (kurban, ashura, Hizir et newroz) des alévis sont devenus des jours fériés, et des masters sur l'alévisme sont mis en place31. Les Autrichiens musulmans doivent faire face à une montée de l'intolérance religieuse : la majorité de la population considérerait que les musulmans ne devraient pas bénéficier de droits égaux à ceux des catholiques, et les agressions islamophobes sont en augmentation.